FORMALIST CRITICISM IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN PUNJAB TEXT BOOK-I AT INTERMEDIATE LEVEL

Abstract

foundational resource for intermediate English language learners in Pakistan. Formalist critique emphasizes the inherent structures and aesthetic qualities of a literary work, fostering a deeper understanding of its artistic integrity and internal coherence.

The research employs close reading, textual analysis, and note-taking to examine the linguistic elements (language use, syntax, diction), structural elements (plot, narrative techniques, literary devices), and aesthetic elements (imagery, symbolism) present in selected stories. The analysis reveals the presence of a rich tapestry of formalist components, including metaphors, similes, irony, foreshadowing, and allegory. These elements contribute to the thematic development, narrative complexity, and overall effectiveness of the stories.

Furthermore, the study explores the pedagogical benefits of incorporating formalist analysis into English language instruction. By delving into the intricacies of language and literary form, students develop critical thinking skills, enhance their linguistic proficiency, and cultivate a deeper appreciation for literature. This approach empowers them to move beyond surface-level comprehension and engage with the text on a more analytical and insightful level.

The research acknowledges limitations, such as the focus on a single textbook and the potential for alternative critical approaches. Nevertheless, it contributes valuable insights into the potential

of formalist criticism for enriching English language education in Punjab, Pakistan. By fostering a nuanced understanding of literary form and content, this approach equips students with the tools to navigate the complexities of language and unlock the deeper meaning within the written word.