LEGAL AND ETHICAL RISKS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BASED HIRING TOOLS IN SINDH, PAKISTAN: A MANAGERIAL PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

Background: Hiring tools based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) are being actively adopted in the Pakistani healthcare and corporate sections of the Sindh industry. These tools present serious ethical and legal issues particularly in areas of discrimination, privacy and accountability, though they are very efficient.

Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the legal and ethical risks of using AI-based hiring tools according to the view of Sindhi managers in Pakistan.

Methods: Cross-sectional survey-based descriptive study was conducted among the Human Resource (HR) and departmental managers in Sindh in the health and corporate sectors. Cochran formula was used in calculating sample size. SPSS v25 was used in the analysis of data.

Results: Out of 384 respondents, 68.2% indicated that people were concerned with the privacy of their data, 54.4% respondents were aware of the existence of algorithmic bias, and 47.9% stated that they did not know anything about the legal regulation of AI recruitment in Pakistan. There was a high correlation between being aware of awareness of legal frameworks and level of education (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The research concluded to the existence of the significant lack of legal awareness and moral readiness among the managers who rely on AI-based hiring options. More regulatory systems and moral education demand an immediate change to allow responsible integration of AI into recruitment.