EFFECT OF GENDER EQUALITY POLICIES ON WOMEN’S JOB SATISFACTION

Abstract

The present study aimed to explore the effects of gender equality policies on job satisfaction of females working in public and private sector organizations in Pakistan. The study was qualitative and had been oriented on the basis of three theories, namely Equity Theory, Organizational Justice Theory and Social Role Theory. Twenty female employees from those organizations that have policies on gender equality were selected through purposive sampling and interviewed using a semi-structured approach. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings indicated that gender equality policies (equal pay, anti-discrimination policies, maternity benefit policies, flexible working and promotion policies) were found to be positively associated with women's job satisfaction. Fairness, transparency, supportive leadership and equal opportunities led to increased satisfaction and organizational commitment reported by participants. Organizations were also determined that have work-life balance programs that enhance women's work experiences.However, certain barriers to the effectiveness of gender equality policies were identified such as low policy enforcement, informal discrimination, low transparency and organizational accountability. The research finds that implementing gender equality policies, coupled with an organization's culture of inclusion, can markedly increase women's job satisfaction. The findings provide valuable insights for policy makers, organizational decision makers and HR managers looking to create a more equitable and supportive work culture for women in Pakistan.