ADAPTATION AND PSYCHOMETRIC VALIDATION OF THE URDU TRAUMA RECOVERY MEASURE: A STUDY OF PAKISTANI UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Abstract

The primary aim of this study was to devise the Urdu translation of the Trauma Recovery Measure (TRM; Smith, 2022) and investigate its ability to be used with Pakistani university students. The project was carried out in two phases: first, translation of the scale by a forward-backward method, and second, measurement of the psychometric properties of the scale. The number of students who participated in this study was 400 students through convenience sampling from different universities in Pakistan. The full scale was found to be reliable (Cronbach’s alpha = .721). An exploratory factor analysis confirmed the three-factor structure of the original scale, and three factors were identified: Validation, Liberation, and Positive Self. Confirmatory factor analysis showed the model fit the data extremely well (CMIN/DF = 1.056, GFI = .971, AGFI = .960, CFI = .997, IFI = .999, TLI = .996, RMSEA = .012). The scale had a significant positive correlation with the Self-Compassion Scale Short Form (r = .206, p = .040) and a significant negative correlation with the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (r = -.060) to gain convergent and divergent validity, respectively. The findings indicate that Urdu TRM is a valid and suitable instrument for measuring trauma recovery among Pakistani students.