BETWEEN TWO GENERATIONS: HOW CARING FOR PARENTS AND CHILDREN AFFECTS MIDLIFE HAPPINESS

Abstract

Middle adulthood represents a significant developmental stage characterized by diverse psychological, social, and familial responsibilities that influence overall well-being. During this period, individuals are often referred to as the "sandwich generation" because they occupy a central position within the family, balancing responsibilities toward both their aging parents and their children simultaneously. Therefore, the present study examined the relationships among filial piety, intergenerational contact and life satisfaction among middle adults in Pakistan. A cross-sectional correlational research design was employed, and data were collected from 100 middle adults aged 35 to 55 years residing in Lahore using purposive sampling. Participants completed the Filial Piety Scale, the Intergenerational Contact Scale and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Pearson correlation and regression analyses were performed using SPSS. The results showed that filial piety towards parents was positively related with life satisfaction. Intergenerational contact with children was also positively related to life satisfaction. The findings emphasize the unique role of the "sandwich generation" in Pakistan, highlighting how fulfilling cultural duties toward parents while maintaining strong bonds with children promotes psychological well-being and life satisfaction during middle adulthood.