EXPLORING EMOTIONAL FATHER ABSENCE AND BORDERLINE PERSONALITY TRAITS AMONG YOUNG WOMEN IN LAHORE, PAKISTAN

Abstract

Mental-health differences remain a major concern among Black and Asian adults in the United States, particularly in access to care, participation in treatment, and continued use of mental-health services. This quantitative systematic review examined the effectiveness of community-based mental-health interventions for these populations. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched for studies published from 2015 to 2025, along with relevant grey literature. Seven randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. The interventions included culturally adapted cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based programs, trauma-informed collaborative care, resource navigation, and digital mental-health interventions. The findings showed that culturally and linguistically adapted interventions improved mental-health outcomes and helped reduce dropout rates. Collaborative care and resource-navigation programs supported continued access to services. Digital interventions increased access to care but also faced challenges in maintaining participant engagement. Overall, the findings suggest that culturally responsive and accessible community-based interventions can play an important role in reducing mental-health disparities among Black and Asian adults in the United States.