A REVIEW ON INVASIVE ALIEN PLANT SPECIES (IAPS) OF MARGALLA HILL NATIONAL PARK (MHNP) ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN AND THEIR IMPACTS ON LOCAL BIODIVERSITY

Abstract

Invasive Alien Plant Species (IAPS) pose a substantial threat to biodiversity and ecosystem services worldwide. These non-native species, introduced either intentionally or unintentionally, cause habitat destruction and threaten the abundance and richness of native species. The Margalla Hills National Park is particularly impacted, with a significant portion of its area covered by invasive species such as Paper Mulberry, Parthenium, and Lantana. The presence of IAPS impacts crucial ecosystem services including distribution of food, nutrients recycling, freshwater, and water purification, pollination, pest control, disease management, soil health important for local species. The invasive plants lead to genetic pollution, further endangering native biodiversity. Ecological changes caused by IAPS jeopardize native species' survival and human health. Implementation of effective management strategies is crucial to mitigate IAPS's adverse effects on the ecosystem and local communities. This action ensures the preservation of biodiversity and the continuation of essential ecosystem services in Margalla Hills National Park.