THE TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE IN THE DIGITAL AGE: FINTECH AS A CATALYST FOR SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS TRANSFORMATION

Abstract

TBL's approach with categories of People (social impact), Planet (the environment), and Profit (revenue generation) establish a new corporate performance model in the age of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. This paper reviews the impact of Financial Technology, also known as Fintech, in the practice of sustainable business transformation in the context of the TBL model. Nevertheless, FinTech has great opportunities to contribute to and unlock financial inclusion and green finance and improve the overall efficiency of the economy. At the same time, its integration with TBL components as a unified model is still quite limited. This study used a case study approach involving M-Pesa, Ant Group, and a blockchain-based carbon credit platform case, and thematic analysis was employed to capture how FinTech enables TBL. Studies show that by providing financial services to previously excluded groups, green finance, and other sustainable financial technologies, FinTech instruments contribute to social, environmental, and economic sustainability. This work provides an overview of FinTech mechanisms and relates them to TBL outcomes alongside synergy and complementary relationship insights. Future studies should replicate the study by comparing quantitative results for the framework and identifying new wave FinTech innovation on sustainability in the next phase of digital transformation.