INTERCONNECTING WOMEN, NATURE AND CAPITALISTIC PATRIARCHY: A MARXIST ECOFEMINISTIC STUDY OF SELECTED PAKISTANI FICTION

Abstract

This study examines the tangled relationship between Marxist ecofeminism, gender, class, and environmental damage in the growing Pakistani English literature. Its findings show how political, economic, and various factors affect women and nature simultaneously. The work investigates the links between women and nature and how these are affected by capitalist patriarchy along with globalization, neoliberalism, and modernism. It examines how women’s oppression and nature’s abuse are both connected to the power of capitalism and patriarchy in Pakistan. The theory of Marxist ecofeminism allows for the analysis of new dilemmas and the offering of equitable, satisfactory, and sustainable solutions. In Qualitative analysis, the selected novels are studied by looking closely at the characters and the text itself to understand that women lead the home and preserve nature, but they are destroyed by capitalism and patriarchal systems. Maria Mies’ theory of capitalist-patriarchy is applied to analyze selected Pakistani English fiction. This thesis explains the rise of Marxist Ecofeminist activism in Pakistan and how its actions might influence policies and transform society in the country. It explains the strong links between matters related to women and environmental issues and gives strategies for solving social justice and environmental sustainability. This research, therefore, gives us tools to recognize and handle environmental, gender, and class discrimination in capitalistic cultures.